Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)

• The test is performed on a venous blood sample.
• Fasting (8–14 hours) is required before the test.
• No intense physical activity, emotional stress, or alcohol consumption for 3 days before the test.
• The test can be performed on any day of the menstrual cycle (cycle phase does not affect AMH levels).

• Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to predict ovarian response to stimulation
• Diagnosis of granulosa cell ovarian tumors
• Differential diagnosis of intersex disorders
• Evaluation of testicular function in prepubertal boys

Causes of Increased AMH Levels

In Women:

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
• Normogonadotropic anovulatory infertility
• Granulosa cell ovarian tumors

In Men:

• Delayed puberty
• Anti-androgen therapy
• Defective androgen synthesis or androgen resistance
• Gonadotropin deficiency (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism)

Causes of Decreased AMH Levels

In Women:

• Age-related decline in ovarian reserve
• Obesity
• Ovarian insufficiency (including post-chemotherapy effects)

In Men:

• AMH gene mutation
• Premature puberty
• Elevated androgen levels
• Anorchia (absence of testes)
• Non-obstructive azoospermia