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Lupus tarama

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Lupus (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body's own cells and tissues. The exact cause of lupus remains unknown, but it is more common in women aged 20-40 years.

Clinical Features of Lupus

  • Skin symptoms:
    • Erythematous dermatitis
    • Sun sensitivity (photosensitivity)
    • Hair loss (alopecia)
    • Mouth and lip ulcers
    • Itching and rash (commonly in a butterfly shape across the face)
  • Systemic damage to connective tissues, affecting:
    • Heart (pericarditis, myocarditis)
    • Kidneys (lupus nephritis)
    • Gastrointestinal tract
    • Central nervous system (headaches, mood swings, seizures)
    • Joints (arthritis, joint pain and swelling)

Diagnosis & Laboratory Tests

Lupus diagnosis requires a combination of clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including:

  • Complete blood count (CBC)
  • Antinuclear antibodies (ANA test)
  • LE cells test
  • Anti-double-stranded DNA (Anti-dsDNA) antibodies
  • Investigation of thrombosis causes
  • Determination of recurrent pregnancy loss causes
  • Evaluation of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) to differentiate lupus anticoagulant from other clotting disorders
  • Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) (performed alongside cardiolipin antibodies and beta-2 glycoprotein antibodies tests)
  • Confirmation of lupus anticoagulant presence
  • Screening for autoimmune disorders
  • Investigation of thrombosis causes
  • Determination of recurrent pregnancy loss causes
  • Evaluation of prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) to differentiate lupus anticoagulant from other clotting disorders
  • Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) (performed alongside cardiolipin antibodies and beta-2 glycoprotein antibodies tests)
  • Confirmation of lupus anticoagulant presence
  • Screening for autoimmune disorders

Positive Lupus Test May Indicate:

  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Multiple myeloma
  • Ulcerative colitis
  • Malignant tumors (certain cancers)
  • Secondary APS
  • Complications from certain medications