The nephrology department specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of kidney diseases. Since the kidneys act as the body’s natural “filter,” even minor problems in this area can affect overall body function. A nephrologist listens to the patient’s complaints, evaluates urinary patterns, checks for the presence of edema (swelling), monitors blood pressure, and investigates any family history of kidney disease.
During the initial consultation, the doctor assesses the patient’s overall condition, measures blood pressure (as kidney diseases are often accompanied by hypertension), and examines fluid retention in the body. For an accurate diagnosis, laboratory tests (such as urinalysis, blood creatinine, and urine sediment analysis), sonographic (ultrasound) examinations, and, if necessary, more advanced radiological studies are recommended.
When should you see a nephrologist?
- Pain or burning during urination;
- Changes in the color or odor of urine (darkening, presence of blood);
- Unusual swelling in the face, under the eyes, or in the legs;
- High blood pressure (hypertension) with no clear cause;
- Significant changes in daily urine output, either increase or decrease;
- Dull or sharp pain in the lower back.
Nephrology
Nephrology, a branch of internal medicine, studies the role of the kidneys in maintaining homeostasis (the stability of the body’s internal environment). This field covers not only kidney diseases but also disorders of electrolyte balance and treatments such as dialysis. Preventive nephrology focuses on protecting kidney health by promoting proper hydration and healthy dietary habits.
Nephrologist
A nephrologist is a specialist responsible for the functional health of the kidneys. Depending on the severity of the condition, they develop a personalized treatment plan, often using conservative (medication-based) approaches. Nephrologists closely monitor patients with diabetes and hypertension to protect kidney function. Professional nephrology care is crucial for preventing chronic kidney disease and improving overall quality of life.