One of the most common neuropsychological disorders in children and adolescents is Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Syndrome (ADHD). This disorder negatively affects a child's ability to concentrate, control their behavior, and maintain balance in their social relationships.
What is hyperactivity?
Hyperactivity syndrome, also known as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), is primarily characterized by attention deficits, difficulty controlling impulses, and excessive activity. This is not a simple behavioral issue related to upbringing, but a neurological disorder stemming from differences in brain function. Studies show that hyperactivity is one of the most common syndromes among school-aged children, and if not diagnosed early, it can significantly affect both a child’s academic performance and social life.
Causes of hyperactivity
To understand why a child may experience hyperactivity syndrome, it’s important to first recognize that the problem rarely stems from a single cause. This disorder can develop from a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. In other words, hyperactivity is not simply the result of parenting; it is often related to the child’s brain structure and function.
Key factors include genetic predisposition, harmful influences during pregnancy (such as alcohol, smoking, or stress), premature birth or brain injuries during delivery, as well as modern lifestyle factors like spending excessive time in front of screens.
Symptoms of hyperactivity
Parents sometimes confuse their child’s energetic behavior with hyperactivity. However, the signs of hyperactivity are not limited to simply running around or talking excessively. The key difference lies in persistent behavior patterns that affect the child’s daily life.
Children with hyperactivity struggle to sit still in class, frequently interrupt others, leave tasks unfinished, have difficulty focusing, and cannot control their impulses. If these behaviors are observed in school, during play, and in social interactions, it is important to pay attention.
Diagnosis of hyperactivity syndrome
A diagnosis of ADHD cannot be based solely on parental observations. This process involves a pediatric neurologist, psychologist, and sometimes educators. The main goal is to compare the child’s behavior with typical developmental stages and to make an accurate assessment through long-term observation. In modern practice, information provided by parents, observations from teachers, and specialized tests all play a crucial role in identifying the syndrome.
Hyperactivity (ADHD) syndromecan significantly impact a child’s future development. Therefore, parents should closely monitor their child’s behavior and consult a specialist when necessary. Early diagnosis and proper support can help the child succeed both academically and socially.