Is acne genetic?
Yes, acne can be partly genetic. If acne runs in your family, you may have a higher risk of developing this skin condition. Genetic predisposition is related to the activity of sebaceous (oil) glands and sensitivity to hormones.
What is acne and how does it occur?
Acne is an inflammatory skin condition that occurs when hair follicles and sebaceous glands become clogged. It most commonly appears on the face, chest, and back, as these areas have more active sebaceous glands. The causes of acne are often linked to hormonal changes, genetic predisposition, and certain lifestyle factors. During adolescence, fluctuations in hormone levels can increase sebum production, leading to clogged pores. Additionally, certain medications, stress, and improper skincare routines can contribute to the development of acne.
Main Causes of Acne
Acne primarily develops due to several factors:
- Hormonal changes - Hormones can increase sebaceous gland activity, especially during adolescence and in women during menstrual cycles.
- Genetic predisposition - Afamily history of acne increases the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Excessive skin pressure and cosmetic products - Heavy cosmetics that clog pores or over-cleansing the skin can worsen acne.
- Stress and lifestyle factors - Stress, insomania, and an unhealthy diet can increase skin inflammation.
The combination of these factors plays a major role in the onset of acne.
Symptoms of Acne
Acne can appear in various forms, each with distinct symptoms:
- Comedones - Open comedones (“blackheads”) and closed comedones (“whiteheads”).
- Papules and pustules - Small, red, and sometimes pus-filled bumps.
- Nodules and cysts - Deep, painful lesions that carry a risk of scarring.
Common signs include redness, inflammation, pain, recurring breakouts, and pigmentation marks.
Acne Treatment Options
Treatment is personalized and can include several approaches:
- Topical treatments - Creams containing retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, or salicylic acid applied directly to the affected skin.
- Systemic treatments - For more severe cases, dermatologists may recommend antibiotics, oral retinoids, or hormonal therapy.
- Peeling and aesthetic procedures - Chemical peels, laser therapy, and microneedling can help reduce scarring and pigmentation.
- Daily skincare and lifestyle - Gentle cleansing, using non-comedogenic products, removing makeup thoroughly, staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet, and managing stress can help prevent and reduce acne.
It is essential to follow a dermatologist’s recommendations and seek specialist care promptly in severe cases to achieve the best results.