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Anti-Sperm Antibodies (ASA)

55 Azn
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Anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) are autoantibodies that target antigens on the sperm membrane. These antibodies can be found in:

  • Cervical mucus
  • Blood plasma
  • Semen and ejaculate

Clinical Significance

The ASA test is used to diagnose immune-related infertility in both men and women.

  • In men: ASA formation leads to sperm destruction, reducing fertility.
  • In women: ASA causes immune incompatibility between partners, preventing fertilization.
  • ASA binding to sperm reduces sperm motility, penetration into cervical mucus, and the acrosomal reaction (a key step in fertilization).

Causes of Anti-Sperm Antibody Formation

  • Infections
  • Genital trauma
  • Oncological diseases
  • Varicocele
  • Cryptorchidism (undescended testicles)
  • Obstruction of the vas deferens
  • Surgical procedures on reproductive organs
  • Sample: Blood from a vein.
  • Take the test at least 4 hours after the last meal.
  • Unexplained infertility in couples
  • Abnormal postcoital test (Shuvarsky test)
  • Abnormal semen analysis (spermiogram)

 

  • Normal range:0-60
  • Elevated levels: May indicate immune-related infertility.